Molarity: The Standard Concentration Unit
Molarity (M) is the number of moles of solute per liter of solution. It is the standard unit of concentration in chemistry and is essential for stoichiometry, titration calculations, and preparing solutions. To prepare a 0.5 M NaCl solution, dissolve 0.5 moles (29.22 g) of NaCl in enough water to make 1 liter of solution.
Common Compounds
| Compound | Molar Mass (g/mol) |
|---|---|
| NaCl (Table Salt) | 58.44 g/mol |
| HCl (Hydrochloric Acid) | 36.46 g/mol |
| H₂SO₄ (Sulfuric Acid) | 98.08 g/mol |
| NaOH (Sodium Hydroxide) | 40 g/mol |
| C₂H₅OH (Ethanol) | 46.07 g/mol |
| CaCO₃ (Calcium Carbonate) | 100.09 g/mol |
| CO₂ (Carbon Dioxide) | 44.01 g/mol |
| NH₃ (Ammonia) | 17.03 g/mol |
| KMnO₄ (Potassium Permanganate) | 158.03 g/mol |
| C₆H₁₂O₆ (Glucose) | 180.16 g/mol |